Communication differences are a core feature of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), shaping how children make sense of language, social cues, and connection with others. Recent research highlights the ongoing work to improve communication support systems — from evidence-based therapies to augmentative communication tools — so every child can share their voice and ideas. 

For many autistic children, spoken language is just one part of a much richer communication landscape. Some children may be minimally verbal or rely on gestures, visuals, or tech-based aids like tablets and speech-generating apps to express needs and thoughts. However, research shows that the effectiveness of these supports depends not only on the tools themselves but also on how consistently and intensively they’re implemented. 

What the Latest Research Tells Us

A multidisciplinary team led by Birdie Ganz at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln recently reviewed hundreds of studies focused on communication enhancement strategies for autistic children. Their findings underscore two important points:

1. Alternative and augmentative communication (AAC) methods truly help children communicate, whether through symbols, signs, gestures, or assistive tech. 

2. Treatment intensity (how often and how deeply these supports are used) is inconsistently reported across studies, making it hard to pinpoint exactly what works best for each child. More frequent practice of targeted skills sometimes leads to better outcomes, but varied study methods have clouded clear answers. 

Why This Matters to Parents, Educators and Caregivers

• Every child’s communication profile is unique. Some children may demonstrate emerging verbal skills, others excel with visuals or AAC devices, and many thrive when their communication strengths are honored across settings. 

• Consistent, individualized support makes a difference. When therapies and tools are matched to a child’s needs and implemented consistently, children make meaningful progress in their ability to express wants, build friendships, and participate in classroom and family life. 

• We still need better research. The field needs stronger, more transparent reporting on how often interventions are used and with whom they are most effective — especially for children from diverse backgrounds. 

Here’s how educators and caregivers can apply these insights today:

✔ Focus on strengths first. Recognize how each child naturally communicates — be it through sounds, eye gaze, gestures, pictures, or devices. 

 ✔ Utilize evidence-based intervention frameworks. Strategies like developmental social-pragmatic approaches that follow a child’s interests can boost spontaneous communication. 

 ✔ Coordinate across environments. Consistency between home, school, and therapy settings increases opportunities for children to practice meaningful interactions. 

 ✔ Advocate for individualized intensity reporting. Ask therapists and schools to track not only what interventions are used, but how long and how frequently they’re implemented to better evaluate progress. 

Communication is at the heart of connection, learning, and independence. As research continues to refine both assessment and intervention strategies, educators and caregivers remain vital partners in unlocking each child’s capacity for meaningful expression.